Roofing structure



A rii 17, 1934. s. P. MOFFIT- ROOFING STRUCTURE Filed March 11, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet l am; at q Filed March ll, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented pr. 117, i934 TA E ATENT.

RQOFING S'ERTUQTURE Application March 11, 1929, Serial No. 346,224

9 Claims.

The present invention relates to shingle roofing, and the object is to provide a structure that will produce a peculiarly pleasing effect, and at the same time, from a structural standpoint, is effectively weather-proof and resistant to storms, so that the elements thereof are not apt to be loosened or dislodged.

A further and important object is to provide a. structure that can be' easily laid, so that mechanics of extraordinary skill are not needed.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of the invention that is at present considered the preferable one, portions of a series of rowsof shingles being illustrated.

Figure 2 is a detail perspective view more clearly illustrating the relation of the joints and fasteners.

Figure 3 is a face view of one of the shingles;

Figures 4 and 5 are sectional views respectively on the lines 4-4 and 5-5 Figure 1.

In the structure disclosed, the shingles are preferably substantial duplicates, though obviously they are open to some modification in this respect, and particularly at the ends, valleys, hips and the like.

Referring to Figure 3, the shingle 4 is oblong, and is laid horizontally. It is provided in its upper corner portion with an opening 5 for the reception of a fastener. Another opening 6 is formed in its diagonally lower corner portion, also for the reception of a roof fastener. In the upper portion of its right hand edge is a notch '7 for the passage of a tie element. Another notch 8 for a similar purpose is formed in the lower portion of the left hand edge. Finally in the lower right hand corner is an opening 9 for the passage of a tie element.

In the roof structure the shingles are laid in horizontal rows, and in the embodiment illustrated in the drawings, the right hand end of each shingle overlaps the left hand end of the adjacent shingle. The opening 5, however, is in .rear of the overlapping portion and through the same is driven the usual roofing nail 10.

Now referring to Figures 1 and 2, it will be evident that while the rows of shingles overlap, the joints of each upper row are offset from the joints of the row below, and it will also be noted that the lower left hand corner of each upper shingle abuts against the upper right hand overlapping comer of a shingle of the lower row so that the notches 8 and 7 are in register and form an opening through which the shank 11 of a tie device or storm nail extends upwardly. These storm nails are provided with heads 12 that lie beneath the abutting corners and on the overlapped shingle, and they are preferably made of copper or other weather-resisting material. The lower left hand corner of the abutting upper shingle has driven through its opening 6 a roofing nail 13, but this roofing nail preferably does not pass through the adjacent overlapped shingle. The joint above described and shown particularly in Figure 2 is completed by the overlapping shingle of the upper row, the lower right hand corner of which covers the nail heads 10 and 13 and the openings through which they pass; also the nails 78 and the the shank 11 of the tie device or storm nail are received through the'openings 9, after which said shank is bent down as shown in certain portions of Figures 1 and 2.

A roof structure as thus produced has been found to present a pleasing appearance of a highly artistic character, and by reason of the structural features above disclosed, a roof is produced that is thoroughly weather-proof and is not liable to serious injury from storms. It will be understood that the materials used may be a compositicn of any desired character, though preferably this is employed for relatively rigid shingles of cement-asbestos material.

From the foregoing, it is thought that the construction, operation and many advantages of the herein described invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art without further description. and it will be understcod that various changes in the size, shape, proportion and minor details of construction may be resorted to without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

What I claim, is:

l. A roof covering structure comprising overlapping horizontal rows of shingles, the adja- 5 cent end portions of the shingles of each row being overlapped, the end edges of the lower portions of the shingles of an upper rcw substantially abutting the upper end portions of the overlapping ends of the shingles of the lower row and the overlapping ends of the shingles of the upper row extending beyond the overlapping ends of the shingles of the lower row, inwardly extending fasteners through the upper portions of the shingles of the lower row and portions thereof and being covered by the overlapping end portions of the said upper shingles, and outwardly extending ties having heads that lie on the overlapped portions of the shingles of the lower row and having shanks that are lo cated between said abutting portions of the end edges of the lower and upper shingles and engage over the extended overlapping lower end portions of the outer shingles of the upper row.

2. A roof covering structure comprising rows of horizontally elongated substantially rectangular shingles, the shingles of each row having their ends overlapping and the joints of the different rows being out of alinement with the overlapped lower corners of an upper row lying upon the lower row and having their end edges substantially abutting the end edges of the overlapping upper corners of the shingles of such lower row, said abutting edges having related notches, inwardly extending fasteners through said abutted corners and covered by the overlapping lower corners of the upper row, and tie devices having heads that lie beneath the abutting upper corners of the lower row and the lower corners of the upper row, said devices having shanks that extend outwardly between said related notches in said abutting corners and through the overlapping lower corners of the upper row and engaging the latter to hold them down.

3. A rectangular shingle adapted to be laid in horizontal rows in a side lapped relation and preformed passageways for the reception of fastening elements, the butt portion of the shingle being provided in one corner with a passageway for the reception of a storm anchor to secure the corner to an underlying portion of a shingle of the same row, and in the other corner with a pair of passageways, one passageway being for the reception of a roofing nail to secure the shingle to the roof deck and the other for the reception of a storm anchor to secure the shingle to an overlying portion of a shingle of the same row, and perforations in a corner of the head portion for the reception of fastening elements securing said portion.

4. A rectangular shingle adapted to be laid in horizontal rows in a side lapped relation and preformed passageways for the reception of fastening elements, the butt portion of the shingle being provided in one corner with a passageway for the reception of a storm anchor to secure the corner to an underlying portion of a shingle of the same row, and in the other corner with a pair of passageways, one passageway being for the reception of a roofing nail to secure the shingle to the roof deck and the other for the reception of a storm anchor to secure the shingle to an overlying portion of a shingle of the same row, and passageways in a corner of the head portion of the shingle, said latter passageways being respectively for the reception of a roofing nail to secure the shingle to the roof and for a storm anchor to secure the head corner to an overlying shingle.

5. A roof comprising rectangular shingles arranged in rows, the shingles of each row being side lapped and the shingles of one row overlapping ,those of the adjacent underlying row so as to expose a single lower corner only of each shingle, each of said shingles being interchangeable and preformed passageways at certainof the corners for the reception of fastening elements, the exposed corner of the shingle being secured to the underlying shingle by a storm anchor, said anchor having a head and clinching shank, the head lying under the underlying shingle and the shank passing up through registered passageways in the overlapped shingles, and clinched thereover, the upper corners of the shingles being secured to the roof deck by roofing nails driven through passageways in the overlapped shingles, and the lower lapped corner of the shingle being secured to the roofing deck by a roofing nail driven through a passageway therein.

6. A roofing comprising flat rectangular shingles arranged in rows, the shingles of each row being side-lapped and the shingles of one row overlapping those of the adjacent underlying row so as to expose a single lower corner only of each shingle, each of said shingles being interchangeable and preformed passageways at certain of the corners, certain of said perforations being in registry with complemental passageways in the adjacent shingles in the same row, the exposed corner of the shingle being secured to the underlying shingle by a storm anchor, said anchor having a head and clinching shank, the head lying under the underlying shingle and the shank passing up through a set of the registered passageways in the overlapped shingles and clinched thereover, the upper corners of the shingles being secured to the roof deck by roofing nails driven through the passageways in the head portions of the shingles.

7. A rectangular shingle adapted to be laid in horizontal rows in a side lapped relation and preformed with passageways for the reception of fastening elements, the butt portion of the shingle being provided in one corner with a passageway for the reception of a storm anchor to secure the corner to an underlying portion of a shingle of the same row and in the other corner with a pair of passageways, one passageway being for the reception of a roofing nail to secure the shingle to the roof deck and the other for the reception of a storm anchor to secure the shingle to an overlying portion of a shingle of the same row.

8. A rectangular shingle adapted to be laid in alined rows, the shingles in each row being sidelapped and overlapped over the shingles of the adjacent underlying row so as to expose a single lower corner only of each shingle, said shingle being preformed with a pair of diagonally disposed notches in the lateral edge portions for securing anchoring means and a perforation for the reception of anchoring means in the body portion of the shingle in the corner intermediate the notches exposed after application of the shingles.

9. A rectangular shingle adapted to be laid in alined rows, the shingles in each row being sidelapped and overlapped over the shingles of the adjacent underlying row so as to expose a single lower corner only of each shingle, said shingle being preformed with a pair of diagonally disposed notches in the lateral edge portions for securing anchoring means and a perforation for the reception of anchoring means in the body portion of the shingle in the corner intermediate the notches exposed after application of the shingles, and additional perforations suitably located in the body portion of the shingle for the reception of fastening elements.

SAMUEL P. MOFFIT. 

